H2 Recovery

Hydrogen (H₂) is a critical industrial resource with expanding roles in sectors focused on reducing emissions and transitioning toward low-impact energy solutions. However, there is an opportunity to make this process more efficient and profitable. During production, approximately 25% (2.5 MT/year) H2 goes into the waste stream representing ~$25B in lost annual revenue. The process also emits 95M tons of uncaptured CO2 representing further missed revenue potential.

H2RECO2VERY was developed with this exact problem. This advanced membrane can recover almost all the H2 currently lost, increasing profits for producers. It can also capture close to all of CO2 currently emitted, which can be sequestered or to sold to meet industrial demand. In short, H2RECO2VERY makes H2 manufacturing more efficient and profitable. Los Alamos has a prototype which recovers H2 and removes CO2 efficiently at lab scale and is seeking an industrial partner for pilot-scale demonstration

• Recovers nearly 100% of H2 from lost/waste H2 stream
• Recovers close to all of CO2 emissions
• Modular retrofit to existing SMR
• Process Significant potential to scale up
• Tunable structural and physical properties allow the process to impact H2 production from Methane Pyrolysis

The advanced membrane technology developed at Los Alamos is comprised of carbon molecular sieve hollow fiber membranes which feature a highly tunable structural and physical properties that can efficiently recover H2 and CO2 from tail (or waste) streams from the dominant hydrogen process – SMR. As H2 and CO2 pass through the membrane, the membrane construct allows H2 only to pass through to be filtered on one side. CO2 is collected on the other side. The unique carbon membranes can significantly increase H2 production and decrease CO2 pollution.

This technology is ideal for energy companies currently producing hydrogen via SMR. The membranes are encased into modules and the module system is retrofit into the waste stream of existing SMR processes. The global hydrogen generation market size is expected to surpass $219.2 billion (USD) by 2030 and the carbon capture market is projected to reach US $35 billion by 2032.

Existing SMR plants are the initial target for H2RECO2VERY; however, with major government and private investment in hydrogen technologies this is just the beginning. This membrane technology can be fine-tuned to support next generation hydrogen production processes - methane pyrolysis - among other applications including biomass and waste gasification, green hydrogen geological storage, H2 recovery plants and carbon capture at hydrogen plants.

R.P. Singh, G.J. Dahe, K.W. Dudeck, K.A. Berchtold, Macrovoid-free high performance polybenzimidazole hollow fiber membranes for elevated temperature H2/CO2 separations, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 45 (2020) 27331-27345.

R.P. Singh, G.J. Dahe, K.W. Dudeck, C.F. Welch, K.A. Berchtold, High Temperature Polybenzimidazole Hollow Fiber Membranes for Hydrogen Separation and Carbon Dioxide Capture from Synthesis Gas, Energy Procedia, 63 (2014) 153-159.

This technology has been evaluated in the lab under simulated process-relevant conditions. Los Alamos has an MVP which efficiently recovers H2 and removes CO2 at lab scale. Los Alamos is seeking commercial partners to further develop various process prototypes from pre-pilot to full pilot scale development and implementation.