Study of Some Specific Industry Objects
Influence on Vegetation

M. Kadirova, N.M Mukhamedshina, A.A. Mirsagatova,

N. Norboev*, M. Amanov*, B. Baynazarov*, T. Khushvaktov*

Institute of Nuclear Physics, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences

*Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan

An environment is often pollute by many industrial objects. Such industry objects as metallurgical works, chemical fertilizers manufacture, automobile industry and others are contribute to contaminate an environment. For example, it is known, that aluminum factories throw out in an environment fluorine hydride, solid fluorides, nitrogen dioxide, sulpher dioxide, hydrocarbons, ions of heavy metals and others. Presently more territory of Uzbekistan are polluted by solid, liquid and gaseous wastes of various manufactures. Therefore the study of this industry objects harmful influence on an environment, person, animals and vegetation is actual problem.

The use of vegetation in an environmental pollution studies is becoming more and more used in the last years. For comparison of harmful action of various industrial objects on vegetation we had investigate some leaves and seed of vegetation grown in areas of Tadjik aluminum factory, Chirchik works of heatproof and refractory metals, Asaka automobile works and Tashkent nuclear reactor action. Leaves of fruit vegetation: vineyard, tomato and peach, apple, apricot, quince, persimmon, mulberry trees as well as leaves of technical crops: cotton, corn, mint and clover, which grown near above specified objects were sampled. Samples were taken from different places from the objects.

Investigations were conduct by nuclear techniques and by physical and agrotechnical methods. The alternative methods have been used by Tashkent state agrarian university. The stability degree of specific plants to harmful ejection depending on their location from the object and dependencies of stability of the contents endogenous protective substances (routine and others) in plants depending on effect of harmful ejection of the object were find by examination aluminum factory samples.

High sensitive and reliable multielement instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and X-ray radiometric techniques for the determination of 27 elements in vegetation have been developed in the Institute of nuclear physics. The determination of this large number elements was achieved with using complex conditions of irradiation, including varying neutron energy and choosing optimum time parameters.

Comparative environmental assessment and reasons of some element contents variation depending on locations from the specific objects in investigated sample have been considered in present work. Mild, average and highly polluted areas near these specific objects have been found.

What kinds of these plant leaves can be selected as candidates of biomonitors in these regions of Uzbekistan will be discussed also.